2021/07/26

ApacheとnginxとLiteSpeedで性能測定してみた！①

開発

関連コラム

ミドルウェア選定のポイント WEBサイトに欠かせないWEBサーバですが、そのミドルウェア選定の1つのポイントとして性能があります。
今回は、シェアの多いWEBサーバであるApacheとnginx、ここ数年で大きくシェアを伸ばしているLiteSpeed(OpenLiteSpeed)について、それぞれの性能を測定してみました。

リーフレットダウンロード

計測環境にはAmazonLinux2を使用しました。
ApacheとnginxとLiteSpeedのバージョンは以下です。

[root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX ~]# apachectl -version
Server version: Apache/2.4.41 ()
Server built:   Oct 22 2019 22:59:04
[root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX ~]# 
[root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX ~]# nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.18.0
[root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX ~]# 
[root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX html]# cat /usr/local/lsws/VERSION
1.7.8
[root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX html]#

計測にはお手軽にApacheBenchを使用しました。
ではさっそく計測していきます。計測に使用するのは以下の小さいサイズの画像ファイル（約８K）です。

[root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX html]# ll test.png
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root 8106 Feb  2 10:03 test.png
[root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX html]#

まずはApachから。同時接続100人で10000リクエストを処理する性能を測定します。
※ Apacheのポートは8080へ変更しています。

[root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX html]# ab -n 10000 -c 100 http://localhost:8080/test.png
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1843412 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking localhost (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        Apache/2.4.41
Server Hostname:        localhost
Server Port:            8080

Document Path:          /test.png
Document Length:        8106 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   0.946 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      83760000 bytes
HTML transferred:       81060000 bytes
Requests per second:    10571.27 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       9.460 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       0.095 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          86469.70 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   0.4      0       7
Processing:     2    9   2.8      8      40
Waiting:        0    9   2.8      8      39
Total:          4    9   2.8      9      40

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50%      9
66%      9
75%      9
80%     10
90%     11
95%     15
98%     19
99%     22
100%     40 (longest request)
[root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX html]#

次にnginxです。

[root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX html]# ab -n 10000 -c 100 http://localhost:80/test.png
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1843412 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking localhost (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        nginx/1.18.0
Server Hostname:        localhost
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /test.png
Document Length:        8106 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   0.611 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      83410000 bytes
HTML transferred:       81060000 bytes
Requests per second:    16379.67 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       6.105 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       0.061 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          133420.71 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
            min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    2   1.1      2      10
Processing:     1    4   1.6      4      16
Waiting:        0    2   1.2      2      10
Total:          2    6   2.1      5      18

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50%      5
66%      6
75%      6
80%      7
90%      9
95%     10
98%     13
99%     14
100%     18 (longest request)
[root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX html]#

最後にLiteSpeedです。

[root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX html]# ab -n 10000 -c 100 http://localhost:8088/test.png
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1843412 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking localhost (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        LiteSpeed
Server Hostname:        localhost
Server Port:            8088

Document Path:          /test.png
Document Length:        8106 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   0.634 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      84270000 bytes
HTML transferred:       81060000 bytes
Requests per second:    15764.86 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       6.343 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       0.063 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          129736.82 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    1   0.7      1       5
Processing:     0    5   2.8      5      18
Waiting:        0    5   2.8      4      17
Total:          0    6   2.8      6      18

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50%      6
66%      7
75%      8
80%      9
90%     10
95%     11
98%     13
99%     14
100%     18 (longest request)
[root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX html]#

TPS

Apache	10571.27
nginx	16379.67
LiteSpeed	15764.86

平均リクエスト処理時間

Apache	9.46
nginx	6.105
LiteSpeed	6.343

パーセンタイル

Apache	nginx	LiteSpeed
99% 22	99% 14	99% 14

Apacheと比較して、nginx・LiteSpeedの方が1.5倍程度性能がよさそうにみえます。

今回は8Kの画像ファイルに同時接続100人で10000リクエストを処理し、各種Webサーバソフトウェアの性能を測定しました。
次回は5倍の負荷に変更して測定します！
最後までご確認頂きありがとうございました。